Appalachian Red Redbud Tree
Neon Pink Flowers
Plant this small tree near the house for a display of spring flowers.
The Appalachian Red redbud tree (Cercis canadensis ‘Appalachian Red’) is a variety of the Eastern redbud, a small deciduous tree native to the open woodlands of Eastern North America. In early spring, before the tree leafs out, deep reddish-purple buds open to reveal bright neon pink flowers, attracting pollinators and bringing a welcome splash of color to the landscape. Flowers are followed by heart-shaped green leaves and elongated seed pods dangling from the branches, providing food for the birds. Autumn leaves turn shades of watery yellow to golden yellow, and smooth gray bark becomes scaly and lichen-covered with age. In addition to attracting pollinators and feeding the birds, many species of butterflies and moths use redbuds to lay their eggs. Appalachian Red redbud trees are not considered to be deer-resistant. According to Rutgers University’s List of Landscape Plants Rated by Deer Resistance, redbuds can occasionally be severely damaged by deer browsing.
Appalachian Red redbud trees are hardy in zones 4-9 and prefer full sun to partial shade, consistent moisture and well-draining soils. Trees sited in partial shade will develop a more open, spreading habit than trees planted in full sun. Appalachian Red redbud trees have a moderate growth rate and can add 7-10 feet of height in five years, eventually reaching a mature size of 15-20 feet high and wide. Consistent moisture is crucial - redbuds will rapidly show signs of stress during times of drought and their growth rate will diminish. These trees are also sensitive to overwatering - read “How to Water a Tree” for help with determining the best watering schedule for your tree.
Plant the Appalachian Red redbud tree as a single specimen, in a place where the gorgeous spring color and heart-shaped leaves can be appreciated. For larger spaces, plant several redbuds in a grouping, or combine with other early spring bloomers like the Little Girl magnolia or Japanese snowbell. Plant redbuds at the edge of a woodland, in a native-themed or pollinator garden, or as part of a mixed privacy border.
Appalachian Red vs. Eastern Redbud Trees
The Appalachian Red redbud tree (Cercis canadensis ‘Appalachian Red’) and the Eastern redbud tree (Cercis canadensis) are closely related, but they are not the same:
Both trees belong to the species Cercis canadensis and are native to eastern North America.
Both trees share similar characteristics - heart-shaped leaves, clusters of spring blooming flowers, and a rounded shape with a spreading, flat-topped crown.
Appalachian Red is a naturally occurring variant of the Eastern redbud tree. It was discovered growing in the wild alongside a Maryland road by Dr. Max Byrkit, and was originally introduced as ‘Appalachia’ in 1990. Appalachian Red was specifically selected for its bright, vibrant and eye-catching neon pink flowers. In comparison, the flowers of the Eastern redbud are a softer, more muted lavender-pink.
The Appalachian Red redbud tree has bright, vibrant neon pink flowers; the Eastern redbud tree has soft lavender-pink flowers.
How to Plant and Grow the Appalachian Red Redbud Tree
Location: Select a location with well-draining soil and partial shade to full sun exposure. Redbuds require moist, well-draining soil and tolerate a wide range of soil types, including acidic, alkaline and clay.
Planting time: The best time of year to plant an Appalachian Red redbud tree is in the spring or fall, giving the roots time to establish before the onset of extreme hot or cold weather. Water the tree deeply after planting.
Mulch: Apply a layer of mulch around the base of the tree to help retain moisture, suppress weeds, and regulate the soil temperature. Make sure the mulch does not touch the base of the tree; avoid creating a “mulch volcano”.
Watering: Water the newly planted tree regularly and deeply, especially during hot and dry periods. Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Once established, Appalachian Red redbuds can still benefit from occasional deep waterings, particularly during hot and dry periods. Are you in a drought? Check the U.S. Drought Monitor.
Pruning and fertilizing: The Appalachian Red redbud tree will naturally grow into a beautiful shape and requires little pruning - remove any dead or damaged branches as needed. If desired, prune and shape in late winter while the tree is dormant. Redbuds do not require fertilizing but can benefit from an annual application of fertilizer, depending on the site. Protect your investment and consider developing a routine of hiring an arborist who can expertly handle fertilization and pruning, provide proactive care, and address potential issues promptly.
Diseases: Keep an eye out for diseases that may affect the Appalachian Red redbud, such as canker and leaf spot. Proper cultural practices, including adequate moisture, can help to prevent issues from occurring.
Where is the Best Spot to Plant an Appalachian Red Redbud Tree?
Choosing the perfect location to plant an Appalachian Red redbud tree involves careful consideration of various factors, taking steps to ensure the tree’s long-term health while avoiding potential conflicts with surrounding structures and utilities.
Cultural requirements: It's crucial to consider the cultural requirements of redbud trees. They thrive in full sun to partial shade and moist, well-draining soil. Ensure the soil is not prone to waterlogging, since excessively wet conditions can lead to root rot and other issues.
Structures and hardscapes: Take into account the proximity of structures, sidewalks, and driveways. Appalachian Red redbud trees can grow 15 to 20 feet high and wide. Planting too close to buildings and hardscapes can result in damage to structures, overcrowding and obstruction of walkways and driveways. To avoid these issues, plant Appalachian Red redbud trees at least 10 feet away from structures and hardscapes, allowing ample space for the mature size.
What’s happening underground: Before digging, consider the location of underground gas, sewer, water, power, phone, cable and communication lines - have these marked by your local underground utility marking service. Septic tanks, irrigation systems, and the roots of mature trees and plants already growing on your property will also need to be considered when picking a spot for your new tree.
What’s happening overhead: Appalachian Red redbud trees can potentially grow up to 20 feet tall. Consider whether this future size will interfere with power or communication lines located on your property and attached to your home. To prevent complications, choose a planting site at least 10 feet away from overhead lines.
Is the Appalachian Red Redbud Tree Invasive? Does it Have Invasive Roots?
Appalachian Red redbud trees are not considered to be invasive in the United States. They do not cause harm to the environment, humans, animals, nor the economy. Appalachian Red redbuds are widely planted in urban and suburban landscapes, where they enhance the aesthetic appeal of parks, gardens, and streets without posing a threat to local ecosystems. In fact, these trees contribute positively to the environment by sequestering carbon, providing food and shelter for various species of birds, providing nectar for various species of butterflies and bees, and serving as a host plant for several different species of butterflies and moths.
Appalachian Red redbud trees have wide, shallow root systems with small, thin roots and are not considered to be invasive. Like any tree, redbuds can potentially cause issues if planted too close to buildings, sidewalks, or underground utilities, and it’s essential to consider their mature size and spread when selecting a planting location.
Are Appalachian Red Redbud Trees Messy?
Appalachian Red redbud trees do produce some natural debris, but are not considered to be particularly messy. Each season, redbud trees produce seedpods which persist on the tree through autumn - most are blown away by the wind or eaten by birds and squirrels. A few volunteer seedlings may sprout and grow, and these can easily be pulled out or mown down before getting too big. Like other deciduous trees, redbuds shed their leaves in the fall. During routine fall cleanups, gathering these leaves can be easily accomplished by using a rake or leaf blower.